This Briefing considers the question: “What is the risk of re-introduction of HPAI H5N1 virus into Ghana from neighboring countries (Burkina Faso, Cote d’Ivoire, and Togo) via cross-border trade and movements involving live birds, poultry products, people and fomites?” A high level of uncertainty associated with the risk estimates developed in this work points to significant gaps in the knowledge of the epidemiology of HPAI in West Africa.