One of the most serious threats to coffee production in Southern Africa is the white coffee stem borer, Monochamus leuconotus (Pascoe) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). M. leuconotus is endemic to Africa and mainly attacks Arabica coffee grown at altitudes of below 1,700m where it may make the cultivation of coffee uneconomical. The larvae feed on the bark forming rings and finally bore into the coffee stem, weakening the plant and causing yellowing of the foliage. Infested trees that are less than two years old are inevitably killed, and a high percentage of older trees also succumb. Routine crop losses of more than 5% have been attributed to stem borers throughout Africa, although Schoeman (1994) reported cumulative yield losses of up to 25% in South Africa, and on smallholder farms in northern Malawi, incidences of up to 80% have been recorded (Oduor and Simons, 1999).