With a rapidly expanding economy many changes are taking place in India today. Some of these changes will have substantial implications on India’s water future. Land use, cropping and water use patterns are changing, partly as responses to changing demographic and consumption patterns, and partly as responses to changing investment scenarios and economic growth. This report attempts to capture the trends of key drivers of water demand in the recent past, and assess their implications on future water demand. The business-as-usual (BAU) scenario in this report assumes the continuation of current trends and projects India’s water future to 2025–2050.