CAEA is a participatory approach that enables local communities to improve decision making at the commune level. The CAEA approach was initiated in Cambodia in 2001, but until 2008 it focused mainly on agricultural issues, while the fisheries sector closely interlinked to agriculture in Cambodia had not been adequately addressed. In this regard, the Challenge Program on Water and Food (CPWF) Project Number 71 titled “Commune Agroecosystem Analysis to Support Decision Making for Water Allocation for Fisheries and Agriculture in the Tonle Sap Wetland System” was conducted between 2008 and 2010. This project aimed to improve fisheries considerations in the CAEA process that would facilitate better planning at the commune level in addition to identifying institutional and policy considerations.